在道路養護領域，冷再生技術通過原位循環利用廢舊瀝青路面材料，實現資源節約與環境友好。然而，中國幅員遼闊的氣候特征，使冷再生技術的應用面臨多重挑戰。通過構建氣候適應性技術體系，可顯著提升冷再生路面在復雜氣候條件下的性能表現。

　　In the field of road maintenance, cold recycling technology achieves resource conservation and environmental friendliness by in-situ recycling of waste asphalt pavement materials. However, the vast climate characteristics of China pose multiple challenges to the application of cold recycling technology. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, the performance of cold recycled road surfaces can be significantly improved under complex climate conditions.

　　一、氣候因子的多維影響機制

　　1、 Multidimensional impact mechanism of climate factors

　　氣候要素對冷再生技術的作用呈現復合效應：

　　The effect of climate factors on cold regeneration technology presents a composite effect:

　　溫度梯度效應

　　Temperature gradient effect

　　在-20℃至40℃的溫變范圍內，冷再生材料的強度形成規律截然不同。低溫環境（<5℃）下，乳化瀝青破乳速度減緩，需通過化學改性加速固化進程；高溫環境（>35℃）時，需添加緩凝劑防止早期車轍。

　　The strength formation pattern of cold recycled materials is completely different within the temperature range of -20 ℃ to 40 ℃. At low temperatures (<5 ℃), the demulsification rate of emulsified asphalt slows down, and chemical modification is needed to accelerate the curing process; When in high temperature environments (>35 ℃), it is necessary to add retarders to prevent early rutting.

　　濕度循環作用

　　Humidity cycle effect

　　年降雨量從200mm至2000mm的跨度，導致冷再生層的水穩定性需求差異顯著。在濕潤氣候區，需采用高粘度乳化瀝青與水泥復合穩定，使干濕劈裂強度比提升至80%以上。

　　The span of annual rainfall from 200mm to 2000mm results in significant differences in water stability requirements for the cold regeneration layer. In humid climate zones, it is necessary to use high viscosity emulsified asphalt and cement composite stabilization to increase the dry wet splitting strength ratio to over 80%.

　　凍融循環挑戰

　　Freeze thaw cycle challenge

　　在季節性凍土區，年凍融循環次數可達30次以上。冷再生材料需通過纖維增強與孔隙優化，將凍融劈裂強度比控制在75%以上，避免因冰脹應力導致的層間剝離。

　　In seasonally frozen soil areas, the annual freeze-thaw cycle can reach more than 30 times. Cold recycled materials need to be reinforced with fibers and optimized for pores to control the freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio above 75%, avoiding interlayer delamination caused by ice swelling stress.

　　二、寒冷氣候區技術適配

　　2、 Technical adaptation for cold climate regions

　　針對低溫環境，冷再生技術需實施三大適應性改造：

　　For low-temperature environments, cold regeneration technology needs to undergo three major adaptive transformations:

　　材料配方優化

　　Material formula optimization

　　采用SBR膠乳改性乳化瀝青，將玻璃化轉變溫度降低至-15℃，確保-10℃環境下仍可施工。摻入2%硅烷偶聯劑，提升骨料與瀝青的界面粘結強度。

　　SBR latex modified emulsified asphalt is used to reduce the glass transition temperature to -15 ℃, ensuring that construction can still be carried out in an environment of -10 ℃. Adding 2% silane coupling agent to enhance the interfacial bonding strength between aggregate and asphalt.

　　設備功能升級

　　Equipment function upgrade

　　冷再生機配備柴油加熱系統與保溫料倉，使混合料出料溫度維持在15℃以上。在-20℃環境中，通過紅外預熱裝置對舊路面板進行輻射加熱，提升銑刨效率30%。

　　The cold regeneration machine is equipped with a diesel heating system and a thermal insulation bin to maintain the discharge temperature of the mixture above 15 ℃. In an environment of -20 ℃, the old pavement panel is heated by radiation through an infrared preheating device, which improves milling efficiency by 30%.

　　養生工藝創新

　　Innovation in Health Preservation Techniques

　　采用“薄膜覆蓋+電熱布”復合養生工藝，在-5℃環境下，7天養生強度可達設計值的90%。配套溫濕度傳感器，實時監測養生環境，自動調節加熱功率。

　　Adopting the composite health preservation process of "film coverage+electric heating cloth", the health preservation strength can reach 90% of the design value in a -5 ℃ environment for 7 days. Equipped with temperature and humidity sensors, real-time monitoring of the health environment, and automatic adjustment of heating power.

　　三、濕熱氣候區技術適配

　　3、 Technical adaptation to humid and hot climate zones

　　針對高溫多雨環境，冷再生技術需強化三大性能維度：

　　For high-temperature and rainy environments, cold regeneration technology needs to strengthen three major performance dimensions:

　　水穩定性能提升

　　Improved water stability performance

　　摻入3%水泥與0.5%消石灰，通過火山灰反應生成水化硅酸鈣凝膠，將水穩定性系數提高至0.95。采用疏水型乳化瀝青，接觸角達110°，顯著降低吸水率。

　　3% cement and 0.5% slaked lime are added to produce hydrated calcium silicate gel through pozzolanic reaction, which increases the water stability coefficient to 0.95. Using hydrophobic emulsified asphalt with a contact angle of 110 ° significantly reduces water absorption.

　　抗車轍能力增強

　　Enhanced anti rutting ability

　　在混合料中添加聚酯纖維與橡膠顆粒，形成三維增強網絡。實測顯示，60℃動穩定度可達8000次/mm，較常規配方提升3倍。

　　Add polyester fibers and rubber particles to the mixture to form a three-dimensional reinforcement network. Actual testing shows that the dynamic stability at 60 ℃ can reach 8000 cycles/mm, which is three times higher than the conventional formula.

　　排水功能集成

　　Integrated drainage function

　　設計大孔隙冷再生結構層，目標空隙率18%-22%。通過高滲水系數（>0.3cm/s），實現雨水快速下排，避免水損害導致的早期破壞。

　　Design a large pore cold regeneration structure layer with a target porosity of 18% -22%. By using a high permeability coefficient (>0.3cm/s), rainwater can be quickly discharged to avoid early damage caused by water damage.

　　四、干旱氣候區技術適配

　　4、 Technological adaptation in arid climate zones

　　針對低濕度環境，冷再生技術需解決兩大核心問題：

　　For low humidity environments, cold regeneration technology needs to address two core issues:

　　保水養生技術

　　Water retention and health preservation techniques

　　開發高分子保水劑，吸水倍率達300倍。在混合料中摻入0.3%保水劑，可維持7天養生期內部相對濕度>80%，強度形成速率提升40%。

　　Develop polymer water retaining agent with a water absorption rate of up to 300 times. Adding 0.3% water retaining agent to the mixture can maintain a relative humidity of over 80% during the 7-day curing period, and increase the strength formation rate by 40%.

　　抗風蝕設計

　　Anti wind erosion design

　　在冷再生層表面噴涂環保型固化劑，形成0.5mm厚防護膜。風洞試驗顯示，在12m/s風速下，表面骨料剝落量降低至2g/m?以下，滿足抗風蝕要求。

　　Spray environmentally friendly curing agent on the surface of the cold regeneration layer to form a 0.5mm thick protective film. Wind tunnel tests have shown that at a wind speed of 12m/s, the amount of surface aggregate peeling is reduced to below 2g/m ?, meeting the requirements for wind erosion resistance.

　　五、氣候適應性技術發展趨勢

　　5、 Development Trends of Climate Adaptation Technologies

　　隨著材料科學與智能建造的融合，冷再生技術正呈現兩大進化方向：

　　With the integration of materials science and intelligent construction, cold recycling technology is presenting two major evolutionary directions:

　　智能氣候響應系統

　　Intelligent Climate Response System

　　開發基于物聯網的智能冷再生車，集成溫濕度傳感器、自動配料系統與氣候補償算法。可根據實時氣象數據，動態調整乳化瀝青用量與添加劑摻量，實現“一路一策”的精準施工。

　　Develop an intelligent cold recycling vehicle based on the Internet of Things, integrating temperature and humidity sensors, automatic batching systems, and climate compensation algorithms. Real time meteorological data can be used to dynamically adjust the dosage of emulsified asphalt and additives, achieving precise construction with "one route, one strategy".

　　全氣候通用型材料

　　All climate universal material

　　研發溫敏性納米改性劑，使冷再生材料具備“低溫促凝、高溫緩凝”的雙重特性。在-10℃至40℃范圍內，強度形成時間可控制在4-8小時，顯著拓寬冷再生技術的氣候適用范圍。

　　Developing temperature sensitive nano modifiers to endow cold recycled materials with dual characteristics of "low-temperature coagulation promotion and high-temperature coagulation retardation". Within the temperature range of -10 ℃ to 40 ℃, the strength formation time can be controlled within 4-8 hours, significantly expanding the climate applicability of cold regeneration technology.

　　不同氣候區冷再生技術的應用差異，本質是材料性能、設備功能與施工工藝的協同適配。通過構建氣候適應性技術體系，冷再生技術已突破傳統氣候限制，在寒冷、濕熱、干旱等多元環境中展現出卓越的性能表現。這種技術進化不僅推動了道路養護的綠色轉型，更為基礎設施的可持續建設提供了創新解決方案。

　　The application differences of cold recycling technology in different climate zones are essentially the collaborative adaptation of material properties, equipment functions, and construction processes. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, cold regeneration technology has broken through traditional climate limitations and demonstrated excellent performance in diverse environments such as cold, humid, and dry. This technological evolution not only promotes the green transformation of road maintenance, but also provides innovative solutions for the sustainable construction of infrastructure.

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